Polishing and grinding material and process for making same



May 31, l932- F. A. scHuMAcHER 1,860,724

POLISHING AND GRINDING MATERIAL AND PROCESS FORiMAKING SAME Filed March 26, 1928 Patented May 31, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE FRANZ'A. SCHUMACHER, 0F EVANSTON, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, T TRUSTEES 0F THE SECURITY GRINDING WHEEL C0., OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A

TRUST ESTATE POLISHING AND GRINDING MATER-IAL AND PROCESS FOR MAKING SAME l Application inea March 2s, 192s. serial No. 264,721.

The invention relates to a product whereby articles, particularly articles of a metallic character, may be simultaneously ground and polished. The invention also relates to the 5 process for making said product.

The invention contemplates the production of an article having the above characteristics, which may be produced of a material which is of a plastic nature, and which solidiiies lo when dry andhas embodied therein both an abrasive and a polishing material or element, whereby the simultaneous grinding and polishing of an article may be accomplished.

It is an object o f the invention to combine an abrasive, such as silicon carbide, an adhesive, such as magnesite and chloride of magnesium and water, and a polishing material, such as fibre, either animal or vegetable, the latter being disposed within the mixture of I abrasive and adhesive, so that when the mixture solidities and the element which is to be ground is subjected to the article, the simultaneous grinding and polishing of the element results.v

It is also an object to employ a fibre which is in the ,form of a thread or strand, or which is either of a knitted, netted or woven character, the fibre being arranged in said abrasive, so that strat-a of combined polishing and grinding material is produced throughout the article formed by the combination of-these elements.

In addition to the above, it is an object of the invention to arrange the libre within the mixture, so that the bre will reinforce the roduce and thus allow a grinding wheel to produced which will withstand centrifugal force `when the wheel is rotated, and which will also prevent breakage of the wheel or 40 stone should it be accidentally dropped. To provide the necessary strength to the wheel, the fibre, which may, as before stated, be in the form of a single strand, or be of a knitted, netted lor woven character, is wound upon a core, to which the plastic material is also fed during the windin operation, which results in the formation o strata or layers of combined abrasive and polishing material.

In addition, Ait is an object of the invention to employ a polishing element, such as wool or cotton fabric or strands lof this or similar material, and to combine it with a cutting or grinding compound to effect the simultaneous grinding, cutting and polishing of an article, and to further arrange the polishing material so that the layers or strata of combinedcutting and polishing material will result, the resultant product being of a relatively hard or solidilied character so that it may be employed either as a wheel or stone. lt is also an object of the invention to produce a wheel or stone by what may be termed a cold process which will not require the baking of the product to solidify it.

The invention has these and other objects, all of which will be explained in detail and more readily understood when road in conjunction withA the accompanying drawings which illustrate one method of producing the article, 4and also illustrate certain forms of libre which may be employed, it being obvious that either the mechanism for perform-4 ing the process or the Ifibre employedmay be changed or substituted without departing from the spirit of the appended claims form-y i ing a part hereof.

In the drawings, f .i Fig. 1 is a perspective view ill" stl-ating one manner of manufacturing a grinding wheel;

Fig. 2 is a central section of the structure shownin Fig. 1

Fig. 3 is an edge view of the device shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged section of a fragment of the wheel produced bythe construction and process performed by the device illustrated in the drawings;

Fig. 5 is a plan view of a fragment of another form of fibre which may be employed.

One method or process and mechanism whereby a combined grinding andpolishing wheel may be produced includes the use of a core 10, having the discs 1,1 and '12 secured. at

the opposite ends of the core, the core having an opening 13, through which a shaft 14 is 94 lpassed to provide a means upon or by which the discs and core with its associate elements are rotated, and a hopper 15 in which is confined a mixture of the abrasive and adhesive, the hopper being arranged to feed the mixe -ture to the core as the strand of libre 16 is wound thereon. A wiper 17 is arranged between said discs and is provided to bear upon and force the mixture between the strands of fibre of each windin as it is wound upon the core. To cause-t 'is action of the wiper, a weight 17 is secured by means of a cable to the wiper.- When fibre in the form of a Strand is wound upon the core, the strand l0 is preferably wound thereon with one-wrap inforce the wheel.

material, in which said fibre in addition toproviding the polishing element acts to re- It is manifest from this that a wheel is produced in which the several windings cooperate to hold the abrasive of onestrata in combined relation to that of another, which adds to the stren h of the article, which in the case of a w eel will provide a wheel which will withstand centrifugal force when the wheel is rotated, and will prevent the breakage of the wheel or stone i should itbe accidentally dropped.

In appl 'ng the several windings of a singlo stran to the core, all windings in one plane are wound so that they incline sli htly to the right with all the succeeding win ings .of the next lane inclined toward the left';`

in. other wor s, each alternate winding is in- 40 clined in the same direction to thus provide openings between the strands in which the material may be lod d. As before stated,

the libre employed, instead of being in the form of a single strand, lmay if so desired be formed of material which is of either a knitted, netted or lwoven character. When a band or strip of netted fabric or fibre, such as that shown in Fig. 5, is employed, this will be wound upon the core and be of a width substantially corresponding to the space between thediscs 11 andf12." This fabric or "libre includes strands 20 and 21, which will, whenI wound upon the core produce a wheelin .which the polishing material extends both circumferentiallyl and transversely of the tv'lheel with the abrasivematerialilocated in strands.

One abrasive which maybe employed includes silicon carbide, emery or any other suitable granular abrasive material combined with a binder or adhesive, -such as for instance magnesite, chloride of magnesium and water in the following proportions by weight,- abrasiv 50%, magesite 25% and Y ish.

openings 22 produced between the Lacona-1 chloride of ma esium solution 25%, which when dry, solidiies and produces a relatively hard grinding roduct.

It has been ound that the a lication to the wheel or stone of sme suitahlia vegetable or -animal oil during the grinding and polishing of a metallic article will protect the article against rust, and produce a better pol- Itis manifest from the foregoing description that a wheel or stone may be produced without baking and in which the ibre'combined with an a rasive will produce a combi- -nation whereby the lsimultaneous grindin andfpolishing of an article ma 'be eli'ecte It is also .evident that the fi re, which is preferably wound upon the core from the core to the periphery of the wheel, will act to reinforce the wheel and prevent its break- 'ing under relativel high s ds of rotation, or should the Whee be acci entally dropped.

Havin described the invention what I claim an desire to cover b Letters Patent is -1.- The process of pro ucing a combined polishing and cutting wheel which consists in Winding fibrous material circumferentially and .longitudinall of the axis of said wheel,

and simultaneous y sistin of particles o grinding material and adhesive to said libre at said windings of said fibrous material to thereby iinbed said libre in said grinding material.

2. A grinding wheel composed of a thread of fibrous material, an abrasive magnesite, chloride of magnesium and a fluid, the fibrous material bein wound circumferntiall ,and at an inchne to the axis of the whee 3. A wheel composed of a threadv of fibrous material and a mixture of-adhesive and 'abrasive, the fibrous material being arranged cir cumferentially of the wheel and being embedded in the mixture of abrasive and adhesive and-wound and inclined in'op osite directions relatively to the axis of' t e wheel.

4. A wheel composed of a thread of fibrous material and a mixture of adhesive and abrasive', the thread being embedded in said mixture and arranged in spaced relation lengthwise of the laxis of the wheel.

5. A wheel composed of a strand of fibrous material and a mixture of abrasive and adhesive, the strand being ari'an d in spaced relationcircumfenentially and ongitudinally of the axis of the wheel and embedded in said mixture. Y

6.v A wheel composed of a strand of fibrous material, abrasive and adhesive, the strand of fibrous material being embedded in said, abrasive and adhesive and continuing from the center to the periphe of the wheel and providing means comprised of' combined fibrous material an abrasive which is simuly taneously presented to the material to be cut. 7. A wheel composed ofa strand of fibrous material, abrasive and adhesive, the fibrous afpplying a material con- 'Ill msV

material being embedded in said abrasive and adhesive and continuing from approm'mately the center to the periphery of said wheel and being inclined vrelatively to the axis of the wheel- 8. A grinding material composed ofcords of fibrous material and a mixture of abrasive and adhesive which solidifes when dry, said cords being arranged` in spaced relation to each other and separated by said mixture. v

9. The process of manufacturing a wheel which consists in winding'a wool yarn around the axis of the wheel to providespaces between said yarn and simultaneously applyf jing a mixture of abrasive and binder to said s aces.

p10. The

ing whelwwhich consists in winding a wool yarn in spacedY relation around the axis of 'thewheel'and applying a mixture of abrasive and binder and. pressmg'. said mixture into the spaces between sa'id windings. d*

11. The process of manufacturing a grindlng wheel which consistsin winding a Ayarn of fibrous material around the axis of the wheel and from one side of the wheelfto the opposite side and reverse, and simultaneously applyin a mixture lof abrasive and binder,`

and app ying pressure to saidyarn and mixture.

In witness whereof, Ie'hei'elinto subscribe my name.

FRANZ A. soirUisrAcnER.A

process of manufacturing a grind- 

